NEW YORK New York City lawmakers paved the way Thursday for an eventual ban on plastic foam containers, added electronic cigarettes to the city’s already stringent smoking bans and approved the creation of a website that will help the public track federal dollars budgeted for Superstorm Sandy related damages.
The flurry of activity more than two dozen introductions and resolutions were passed came on its last legislative session of the year. Twenty outgoing council members cast their final votes on high profile bills only after spending hours making tearful farewell addresses in what one councilwoman likened to the last day of high school.
Mayor Michael Bloomberg, who leaves office Dec. 31, is likely to sign both the e cigarette bill and the polystyrene foam bill, environmental and health achievements he has pushed throughout his 12 years in office. The laws will take effect four months after his signature.
«Foam pollutes the waste stream, making it harder to recycle food waste as well as metal glass and plastic,» the mayor said in a statement after the vote.
The foam bill allows lawmakers to ban the product if after a yearlong study the commissioner of the Sanitation Department finds the material can’t be recycled effectively. If banned, it could add the nation’s largest city to a list of localities that prohibit the foam, which the food service industry has long valued for keeping food warm or cool but environmentalists see as a landfill clogging, litter generating scourge.
«Once the ban takes effect, it will be much easier and more economical to collect and separate recyclables,» Bloomberg said.
At a news conference before the vote, City Council Speaker Christine Quinn warned against the environmental hazards of the material, particularly its presence in landfills, saying the only things that last longer than the foam containers are cockroaches and the performer Cher.
«If you could recycle it for real, that would be great. But we’re not going to wait forever to get the answer to that,» said Quinn. «If within a year a conclusion is not affirmative that foam can be recycled, it will be banned.»
New Yorkers toss out about 23,000 tons of plastic foam per year, accounting for a fraction of the 3 million tons of trash the city spends $310 million annually to bury, but city officials say the foam also muddies efforts to compost food waste.
San Francisco and dozens of other U.S. cities already have nixed takeout containers made from what’s technically called expanded polystyrene foam (the Styrofoam brand isn’t used in food packaging). It takes a long time to break down in landfills, and there’s debate over how readily it can be recycled once it’s soiled by food. City plastics recycling contractor Sims Municipal Recycling has said it can’t currently process and market plastic foam.
Also Thursday the council moved, by a vote of 43 to 8, to prohibit the use of e cigarettes in locations like restaurants, bars and city parks where smoking is already outlawed.
E cigarettes heat a nicotine solution and emit a puff of vapor that manufacturers say is harmless. But there’s sharp disagreement within public health circles about how to treat the devices.
Most scientists agree that e cigarettes are substantially less dangerous than tobacco but they are still highly addictive, and some anti smoking activists say it isn’t clear whether they are truly safe.
Several states, including New Jersey, Arkansas, Utah and North Dakota, have already expanded their indoor smoking bans to include e cigarettes.
Quinn said before the vote that allowing the devices into places where cigarettes are now banned also could «renormalize» smoking and undermine the public perception that the habit is now acceptable only in the privacy of one’s own home.
«We don’t want a step backward with that,» she said.
An online database to track the use of Sandy funds already exists and is operated by the Bloomberg Administration. Thursday’s bill will update the website, creating a searchable, interactive online tool that allows users to look up by zip code information about how federal Sandy dollars are being spent.
The council also approved a bill that would create an online registry for people convicted of abusing animals, the creation of a commercial composting program at large restaurants and grocery stores and a requirement that the mayor’s office provide annual reports on poverty.
E-cigarettes sales ban considered
Ministers will seek to ban the sale of e cigarettes to children under 18 this week and make it illegal for adults to buy e cigarettes for children.
They are acting in response to concerns that the battery powered devices, which simulate smoking by vaporising a liquid solution that is usually infused with some nicotine, encourage the uptake of smoking.
There are also worries, voiced by the British Medical Association and England’s chief medical officer, Dame Sally Davies, at a lack of rigorous, peer reviewed studies to back the claim of manufacturers that the product is safe.
E cigarettes give the smoker a hit of nicotine a highly addictive drug. An estimated 1.3 million of the current 10 million smokers across Britain have now switched to e cigarettes.
Tobacco companies, including Altria Group, owner of the Philip Morris company, invested in e cigarettes in the face of pressure over the dangers of their products, which include , countries across the world, including ones as varied as , Colombia, Panama and Uruguay, have already banned their sale to children.
Davies said it was important for the British government to protect children given the potential risks. She said «We do not yet know the harm that e cigarettes can cause to adults let alone to children, but we do know they are not risk free. E cigarettes can produce toxic chemicals and the amount of nicotine and other chemical constituents and contaminants, including vaporised flavourings, varies between products meaning they could be extremely damaging to young people’s health.»
There is no legal restriction on under 18s buying products containing nicotine, which represents a legal loophole at a time when e cigarettes are becoming popular with under 18s. In an attempt to further restrict children’s access to cigarettes, a new offence will be created which will mean any adult who buys cigarettes or other tobacco products for someone who is under 18 could be given a 50 fixed penalty notice or fined up to 2,500.
Two in five children (41%) of 15 year olds who currently smoke say they usually buy their cigarettes from other people rather than buying them from a shop.
Nearly all (95%) of 11 to 15 year olds who smoke have managed to get someone else to buy cigarettes for them in a shop at least once in the past year.